THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HERALDIC TRADITION AND THE LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN FAMILY HERALDRY

THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HERALDIC TRADITION AND THE LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN FAMILY HERALDRY

Marcus Murray

Master of Business Administration, Institute of Vocational Education,

Russia, Essentuki

ABSTRACT

This article discusses the historical process of the formation of heraldry traditions and provides the necessary definitions. The rules for creating personal, family coats of arms and the possibility of official registration are analyzed.

Keywords: heraldry, coats of arms, history, genealogy.

Heraldry.

Heraldry is the study of coats of arms and the design and use of heraldic symbols. It is a traditional form of visual communication that dates back to the Middle Ages and was used by knights and noble families to distinguish themselves on the battlefield and in ceremonies. Heraldry is considered a part of cultural heritage and has a rich history and symbolism behind it. Studying heraldry can provide insight into the history and culture of different societies and can help to understand the symbolism and meaning behind different heraldic symbols and designs. Heraldry is also an art form and can be used to appreciate the beauty and creativity behind different heraldic designs. It is a unique form of expression that combines historical context, cultural significance, and artistic creativity. In addition, studying heraldry can be beneficial for genealogical research. Heraldic symbols were used to identify families and individuals, and researching heraldic symbols can provide information about a person's ancestry and family history. Studying heraldry is a valuable pursuit that offers a glimpse into history, culture, and art. Whether you are interested in the historical significance of heraldic symbols, the beauty of heraldic design, or tracing your family history, the study of heraldry can provide a rich and rewarding experience [2, p. 19].

The history of the formation of the traditions of family heraldry.

The history of family heraldry dates back to the Middle Ages, when knights used heraldic symbols on their shields and banners to distinguish themselves on the battlefield and in ceremonies [4, p. 43]. These symbols often represented the family's history, values, and origins. Over time, the use of heraldic symbols became a widespread tradition among noble families and was regulated by laws and customs. The tradition of creating heraldic emblems varied depending on the culture and region. In Europe, the use of heraldry was regulated by the College of Arms and the Heralds' College, which established rules and standards for the design and use of heraldic symbols. In other parts of the world, such as Africa and Asia, heraldry was developed differently, with each society creating its own unique traditions for the use of heraldic symbols. There are several different styles of heraldry, each with its own distinctive features. The most common styles of heraldry include European heraldry, African heraldry, and Asian heraldry. European heraldry is characterized by its use of shields, helmets, and mantling, while African heraldry often features natural elements such as animals and plants. Asian heraldry is known for its use of intricate patterns and abstract designs. In addition to regional differences, there are also different traditions for creating heraldic emblems. Some families create emblems that reflect their family's history, values, and origins, while others design emblems based on personal preferences and tastes. The design of heraldic symbols can also be influenced by the family's social status, profession, or interests. The history of family heraldry is rich and varied, reflecting the cultural and regional differences of different societies. Whether you are interested in the historical significance of heraldic symbols or the artistic creativity behind different heraldic designs, studying the traditions of family heraldry provides a unique insight into the cultural heritage of different societies.

Rules for creating the coat of arms.

The graphic structure of the Coat of Arms consists of various symbolic elements [1, p. 13]:

1. Crest - this taming is attached to the helmet of a knight and is used as an element that differs in knightly tournaments.
2. Crown - according to the title of its owner (Lord, Earl, King)
3. Helmet - changed with fashion and likely armor. Later, different countries had their own rules for designing a helmet, taking into account titles and ranks.
4. Torso, wreath - this is a tourniquet on the top of the helmet, which must be painted in the main color of the Coat of Arms, like the cape.
5. Pelmet, cape - this is a fabric attached to the helmet. The coloring and shape of the fabric depends on the Heraldic tradition.
6. Shield holders - this is the figure that holds the shield. Shield holders exceed depending on the region in which the Rod lives and will require a specific information load.
7. Shield with the image of the family banner (flag) - Shields have different shapes and come with the emergence of combat shields of their country (German, Spanish, English).
8. Motto - written on a ribbon and was a battle cry.
9. Additional elements: basics, mantles, flags.

If you are planning to create your family coat of arms, you can follow your taste and personal symbols of the family, but if you want to get an official registration of the coat of arms in a special service in the country, then you need to follow the requirements. There is an opportunity to register your coat of arms without observing the heraldic norms imposed by government organizations. You need to invest the history of your family and the idea you want to pass on to your descendants in the coat of arms. Below is the coat of arms of the Murray family. Based on this coat of arms image, we will consider the elements of a family coat of arms.

Figure 1. Coat of arms of the Murray family

1. The crown is located on the helmet. It is possible to use a crest over the crown (animals and family attributes). The crown represents the title of the owner of the coat of arms (Lord). The helmet shows loyalty to the values and ideals of honor (knighthood) [5, p. 126].

2. lambrequin, mantling – in the European heraldic tradition.

3. Shield holders that hold the Shield. On the shield are family symbols that were depicted on the flags. In European heraldic tradition, a dragon symbolizes strength and wisdom. A wolf represents loyalty and faithfulness. On a Spanish shield, a star is depicted [3, p. 27].

4. Motto in Latin – EGO SUM CREATOR.

Coat of arms registration.

It is possible to officially register your coat of arms in several countries. The availability and process of registering a coat of arms may vary from country to country. Some countries that have a system for officially registering coats of arms include the United Kingdom, Spain, Canada, and some others. But if it is not possible to officially register your family crest, you can use a deposit system that can confirm your authorship.

Deposition is a process where an individual or organization submits official documents, such as a coat of arms or family crest, to a recognized body for preservation and recognition. The deposited material serves as evidence of ownership and is recognized as an official record, providing some level of legal protection for the owner.

Preservation of traditions and history.

Having a family crest can help preserve the history of a family by providing a visual representation of the family's identity and heritage. It can also aid in genealogy by serving as a symbol of the family's lineage and roots. A family crest can help pass down traditions and stories from one generation to the next, reinforcing a sense of unity and continuity within the family. Additionally, incorporating elements that have significance to the family, such as specific colors, symbols, and designs, can help to personalize the crest and give it even greater meaning and value to the family.

References:

1. "A Complete Guide to Heraldry" by A.C. Fox-Davies.
2. "Heraldry for the Local Historian and Genealogist" by John Sargeaunt.      
3. "The Oxford Guide to Heraldry" by Thomas Woodcock and John Martin Robinson.
4. "Heraldry: Its Origins and Meaning" by Michel Pastoureau.
5. "The Art of Heraldry: An Encyclopaedia of Armorial Bearings" by S.P. Marks.