FITNESS AEROBICS IN THE SYSTEM OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS IN RURAL SCHOOLS
FITNESS AEROBICS IN THE SYSTEM OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS IN RURAL SCHOOLS
Tatyana Magun
Candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor, The Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky,
Russia, Lipetsk
Elena Chaplygina
Senior teacher, The Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky,
Russia, Lipetsk
Natalya Bazhenkova
Student, The Lipetsk State Pedagogical University named after P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky,
Russia, Lipetsk
Marzhan Karynbaeva
Senior teacher, The Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov,
Kazakhstan, Karaganda
Yuliya Pleshakova
Senior teacher, The Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov,
Kazakhstan, Karaganda
Physical culture and sports perform many functions in modern society that contribute to the education of physical, aesthetic and moral qualities, and also contribute to the preservation and strengthening of the health of various age groups of the population, among which the younger generation is of great significance.
Despite the development of sports infrastructure in Russia, the increase in sports clubs and extracurricular activities, children's health continues to deteriorate, which is a big problem for our state. We see the main reason for the increase in the incidence of schoolchildren in violation of the norms of a healthy lifestyle and decrease in the physical activity of students in particular.
This problem can be solved by extracurricular activities in the system of additional education, which is carried out in the form of mass sports and physical culture and health work. However, if urban schools pay great attention to solving this problem, then in rural schools there are many reasons preventing this (low funding, insufficient number of stadiums and sports grounds, as well as the lack of qualified workers).
Attracting young people to sports and health work, increasing their role of physical culture in the formation of a healthy lifestyle, as well as promoting sports are the main tasks of sports workers and workers of additional education in the countryside. Frequently, the various sports teams created by them do not achieve high sports results, and they either remain at the level of health-improving groups or "disintegrate" after completing their sports activities [2].
The question arises: what needs to be done to ensure rural sports to develop more efficiently? The development of fitness aerobics in the village of Sentsovo (Lipetsk district, Lipetsk region) can serve as such an example.
The purpose of the work is the development of fitness aerobics in rural schools.
The objectives of the work:
1. Considering the problems faced by teams in rural schools;
2. Search for solutions to these problems;
3. Determining the most correct approach for organizing the training process.
Fitness aerobics is a sport officially registered in the All-Russian Register of Sports (ARRS). This is one of the youngest sports, rapidly gaining its popularity among the younger generation. This is a mass, aesthetically fascinating and truly spectacular team sport, which has collected all the best from the theory and practice of health and sports aerobics. The originality of fitness aerobics is determined by the organic combination of sports and art, the unity of movements and music. Fitness aerobics is a fairly complex sport in terms of coordination and physicality. Competitive combinations are characterized by a fast pace, a sharp change in body positions [1, 3].
At the school in the village Sentsovo, a teacher of additional education organized a sports section in fitness aerobics. As the team was formed, that started its functioning in 2013, the team began to participate in competition. The very first competitions were held as part of the Lipetsk Region Championship in fitness aerobics. The trainer together with the team gradually deepened and improved their theoretical and practical knowledge at seminars organized by the Lipetsk Regional Federation of Fitness Aerobics (LRFFA). They practiced the acquired knowledge in their training. Having reached a certain level, the team began to travel to the competitions of regional level.
The first major competitions in which the team took part were the Championship and Primacy of the Central Federal District in Obninsk in 2016. Here they had to compete with more experienced teams, participants in the championships of Russia, Europe and the World. It was a good opportunity to analyze and compare their program and the technique of performing elements with the performance of more experienced teams, as well as to work at the mistakes. Live communication with athletes and coaches from other regions has made a valuable contribution to the development of the team.
The team got another coach who began to train new young teams. Coaches annually take part in regional and all-Russian coaching and referee training seminars and certifications to improve their skills.
Athletes constantly participate in regional and all-Russian training camps. So, in 2021, the athletes and the team coach took part in the All-Russian training camp in the city of Anapa. In the framework of these gatherings, seminars, master classes, workshops from leading Russian trainers were organized for the participants.
Every year the level of the team rises and in the arsenal there are significant victories for the team of the village of Sentsovo. So, in 2021 and 2022, the athletes became silver medalists of the Championship and Primacy of the Central Federal District and took part in the Championship and Primacy of Russia, fulfilled the standards of the 2nd sports category in fitness aerobics.
All results are achieved by competently organized work of trainers. Traditionally, the lesson consists of an introductory, main and final part of the lesson. The contents of trainings may vary depending on the stage of preparation of the athlete for the competition. At the beginning of the training season much attention is paid to the development of the athlete's physical qualities: strength, endurance and flexibility, as the starts are approaching, the emphasis shifts to working out the competitive program. To take into account age, physiological and psychological characteristics is obligatory when working with athletes. The choice of forms, methods and techniques in the training process depends on this factor.
In conducting training sessions, trainers use a number of such methods as: musical interpretation; serial method that is connection of separate and stream-line; circuit training; passing technique. When organizing the training process, you should alternate strength training, stretching, as well as cardio and dance training.
From 2013 to 2020, there was one fitness aerobics team in the village of Sentsovo, after which the team “Blesk” was created, which included children aged 11-12 years old. This team has developed rapidly, as it did not start its journey from scratch. By that time, the team leader had received a large stock of knowledge and experience, so the starting level of the team was quite high. In addition, the team “Blesk” always had the older “BIS” team as an example, whose members constantly helped the children, passed on their experience and knowledge in training. In such conditions, the younger members of the team always reach out for the older ones and try to surpass their result, and the older ones try to set the best example for the children. In 2021, the team “BIS” graduated (graduated from school), one of its members became the second fitness aerobics coach, and the team “Blesk” moved to the senior category. Under the leadership of the new coach, two more teams were created: “BIS” (in the category of 11-13 years old) and “Beads” (in the category of 8-10 years old).
Based on the accumulated experience, its own teaching methodology was created in this type of activity. One of its important factors is healthy competition and the right example. Periodically, joint physical training sessions are held for the teams “Blesk” and “BIS”, during which participants better see their shortcomings and how their level differs from each other, try to surpass the results of others. But in this case, the coach's control is important so that the competition is useful and does not develop into a conflict situation.
If we compare the training process of a team with a fairly large experience, which took part in competitions at the All-Russian level, and a newly created team, then their main difference is the increased stimulus for training among the former. Getting to competitions of such a level, athletes see how world-class teams conduct their training and try to imitate them, therefore they train more consciously and intensively. Without going through this stage, athletes do not understand what their efforts can lead to, whether there will be any result.
So, after the Championship and Primacy of the Central Federal District in 2022, the team “BIS”, which for the first time went to competitions of this level, began to improve themselves, train with greater dedication and desire.
The arrival of a new young coach, the participation in the All-Russian training camp by the head coach and athletes marked changes and a new, more innovative approach to conducting classes has appeared, training methods from other sports have been adopted, innovations are often used that make the training process more interesting and varied. For example, from the beginning of the 2021-2022 season, the exercises with a rope began to be used during training, which added jumping ability to the athletes.
Currently, the teams train five times a week, classes are held to develop strength, coordination qualities, stretching, they are replaced by dance classes using various styles (classical, pop, hip-hop, modern) and also a sufficient amount of time is devoted to working out the technique of performing basic aerobic elements and programs.
In conclusion, I would like to note that it is important to maintain and develop the athlete's motivation for doing fitness aerobics. The ability to work in a team is one of the most important qualities that should be developed throughout the entire training and competitive process.
The example of the team from the village of Sentsovo proves that a well-organized training process and diligence of coaches and athletes open the way for participation in the championships of federal districts, Russia, Europe and the World.
For more effective development of rural sports, local authorities and regional authorities need to pay more attention to this issue. It is their solution that will contribute to solving the problem of sports in rural areas.
References:
- Vakhonina I.G. Istoriko-logicheskiy analiz stanovleniya metodologii fitness-aerobiki. – URL: https://scienceforum.ru/2015/article/2015015239 (Access date: 01/19/2023).
- Gataulin D.R. Problema razvitiya sporta sredi selskoy molodezhi. – URL: https://nsportal.ru/shkola/fizkultura-i-sport/library/2021/03/16/itogovaya-attestatsionnaya-rabota-na-temu-problema (Access date: 01/19/2023).
- Efimenko N.V. Sposoby provedeniya trenirovok v sportivnoy aerobike. – URL:http://ext.spb.ru/2011-03-29-09-03-14/118-additional-education/7108-2015-02-05-19-35-14.html (Access date: 01/19/2023).